Pengaruh Senyawa Antioksidan dalam Ekstrak Buah Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) terhadap Histopatologi Jantung Pada Rattus Norvegicus Strain Wistar yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin

Dinda Lestari Pandia; Humairah Medina Liza Lubis

doi:10.71456/jik.v5i1.2870

Authors

Dinda Lestari Pandia Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
Humairah Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71456/jik.v5i1.2870

Keywords:

Ekstrak Buah Kelapa Sawit, Diabetes Melitus, Penyakit Kardiovaskular, Tikus Wistar, Stres Oksidatif

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Salah satu faktor risiko utama PKV adalah diabetes melitus, sebuah kondisi metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia atau kadar gula darah yang tinggi secara terus-menerus. Senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam minyak kelapa sawit dapat memiliki efek protektif terhadap berbagai kondisi penyakit. senyawa ini memiliki potensi untuk melindungi terhadap kerusakan oksidatif dan inflamasi, yang merupakan mekanisme kunci dalam patogenesis PKV yang diinduksi oleh diabetes. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental in vivo, dengan desain penelitian posttest only control group design. Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Mei 2024 – Januari 2025 di Laboratorium Terpadu Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. Populasi dan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tikus strain Wistar Jantan dengan Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling kuota (quota sampling) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 tikus. Tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok : kelompok negatif, kelompok perlakuan, perlakuan ekstrak kelapa sawit dosis 100 mg/kgBB, perlakuan ekstrak kelapa sawit dosis 200 mg/kgBB dan perlakuan ekstrak kelapa sawit dosis 300 mg/kgBB. Tikus dilakukam aklimatiasi selama 7 hari, kemudian kelompok kontrol positif diberikan perlakuan selama 4 minggu dengan ketentuan setiap kelompok. Analisis data menggunakan analisis uji Kruskal Wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Nilai mean dan standar deviasi pada kelompok KN sebesar 0,00 dan 0,000, KP sebesar 2,00 dan 0,000. Pada P1 didapati nilai mean dan standar deviasi sebesar 2,00 dan 0,000. Pada P2 sebesar 1,20 dan 1,095 dan pada P3 sebesar 0,40 dan 0,548. Dari hasil uji Kruskal – Wallis didapati nilai signifikan sebesar 0,003 p-value (<0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa KN, KP, P1, P2, dan P3 memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak buah kelapa sawit dengan dosis 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB dan 300 mg/kgBB dilakukan uji Mann – Whitney didapatkan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,008 p-value (<0,05) sehingga terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok ataupun variable. Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak buah kelapa sawit dosis 300 mg/kgBB lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pemberiaan ekstrak buah kelapa sawit dosis 100 mg/kgBB dan 200 mg/kgBB.

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