Hubungan Jarak Kerja Dekat dengan Derajat Miopia pada Anak Usia Sekolah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71456/jik.v5i1.3016Keywords:
Anak Usia Sekolah, Jarak Kerja Dekat, Kelainan Refraksi, MiopiaAbstract
Miopia merupakan kelainan refraksi yang banyak ditemukan pada anak dan menjadi perhatian kesehatan mata. Aktivitas jarak dekat diduga berkaitan dengan status refraksi, tetapi jarak kerja perlu ditelaah secara khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan jarak kerja dekat dengan derajat miopia berdasarkan spherical equivalent (SE) pada anak usia sekolah di Bidaracina, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dan melibatkan 88 responden. Jarak kerja diukur secara objektif dalam sentimeter, sedangkan SE diperoleh melalui pemeriksaan refraksi. Hubungan kedua variabel dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson product-moment dan regresi linear berganda dengan penyesuaian usia, durasi aktivitas dekat, dan durasi aktivitas luar ruangan. Hasil korelasi menunjukkan hubungan positif sangat kuat dan signifikan antara jarak kerja dan SE (r = 0,954; p < 0,001). Pada analisis regresi, jarak kerja juga berhubungan signifikan dengan SE (B = 0,155; p < 0,001), sedangkan usia (p = 0,971), durasi aktivitas dekat (p = 0,263), dan durasi aktivitas luar ruangan (p = 0,591) tidak signifikan. Koefisien positif menunjukkan jarak yang lebih jauh berkaitan dengan SE yang lebih positif, sementara jarak lebih dekat berkaitan dengan SE lebih negatif. Disimpulkan bahwa jarak kerja dekat memiliki hubungan statistik signifikan dengan derajat miopia pada sampel; desain cross-sectional tidak memungkinkan penarikan kesimpulan kausal.
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